Far
away from home, in a distant country, seeing a sculpture so significant and
dear to me, dear to my religion and my country has made me very happy. Earlier
I have seen pictures of it but now physically witnessing this huge colourful
sculpture and walking around it was a thrilling and unforgettable experience. I
do not know its exact size but it could be very close to the similar 49
meter-wide bas-relief carved on the walls of the east gallery of Angkor Wat
Temple, a religious site built in the 12th century by Khmer King Suryavarman
II, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and known popularly as the Eighth Wonder
of the World. What I have witnessed and I am happily writing about is the
Samudra Manthan sculpture at the Suvarnabhumi Airport, Bangkok, Thailand, and
the famous Angkor Wat Temple is at Siem Reap in Cambodia. These two countries
have not forgotten their long relation with Hinduism from times before the
Christian era and until several centuries thereafter even after Buddhism has
become their popular religion. Several Hindu temples; small and large, still exist
in both these countries and their Kings and people still practice many Hindu
customs and offer prayers to Hindu Gods. Samudra Manthan or Samudra Manthanam
is also known as Sagar Manthan and Ksheersagar Manthan.
Such
a marvel to be created in India would not be easy, in fact impossible. It
saddens me to write that any attempt here for such sculpture associated with
Hinduism in a public place like an Airport or Park would be impossible, with
protests, agitations and the unbearable hue and cry that will be raised by ever
disgruntled politicians, some of them with just one MP or no participation in
our Parliament and of course by the innumerable press and print media with their
illogically biased and trouble creating editors, loud and foul-mouthed anchors
and dirty, ill-mannered political analysts and disgusting journalists who are
born to contradict everything and criticize anyone who speaks for the Hindus, the
majority in my country. What can be more unfortunate and sadder than this for
us. God save us, our culture and our religion.
For
those of you who may not be aware of what Samudra Manthan is or have forgotten
about it, here is a brief about it:
It
is said that a long time ago, Devas (Gods) and Asuras (Demons) were fighting
against each other to ensure their domination over the world. After many years
of war, Devas were weakened and almost vanquished; so they went to see Supreme
God Vishnu to ask Him for help. The latter promised to strengthen Devas by
ordering them to seek for the Amrita, the sacred Elixir of Immortality. But
this difficult task could not be achieved by them alone. They had to gather
their forces in cooperation with Asuras in order to extract the Amrita from the
depths of the cosmic sea – the Ocean of Milk.
To
do so, they used Mount Meru as a churning stick and the King of snakes Vasuki
as a churning rope. Devas and Asuras both pulled alternatively the Naga Vasuki
on their respective side to churn the Ocean of Milk. As Mount Meru was sinking,
God Vishnu turned himself into his turtle avatar that is Kurma avatar to
stabilize the mountain. Many treasures came out of the Ocean of Milk. Amongst
them were celestial beings like Goddess Lakshmi Devi, Goddess of fortune who
accepted Lord Vishnu as her consort. Apsaras like Rambha, Menaka, Urvashi,
Punjisthala etc., coming on earth to entertain Gods and Kings. Kamdhenu or
Surabhi – the wish-granting cow, taken by Brahma and given to the sages so that
the ghee from her milk could be used for Yajna and similar rituals. Airavata
and several other elephants, taken by Indra. Uchhaishravas, the divine
seven-headed horse, given to Bali.Kaustubha, the most valuable ratnam (divine jewel) in the world, worn by
Vishnu. Parijata, the divine flowering tree with blossoms that never fade or
wilt, taken to Indraloka by the Devas. Sharanga, a powerful bow, given to Lord
Vishnu. Chandra, the moon which adorned Shiva's head. And many other precious
things like Shankha - Vishnu's conch andKalpavriksha: a divine wish-fulfilling tree.
The
demons, tricked into pulling the head-side of the giant snake, were weakened
after a thousand years of efforts by the Naga’s poison. Fortunately for them,
God of health Dhanvantari emerged from the Ocean of Milk with the sacred
Amrita. So they seized the elixir for their own sake.
As
they were frightened by this act, the Devas informed Vishnu of the situation.
The Supreme God then turned into another of His avatar, Mohini, the most
beautiful woman on earth. Mohini charmed the Asuras and took the opportunity to
steal the Elixir of Immortality and gave it to the Devas. From this moment, the
Gods would rule the world and send the Demons to hell.
One
of the Asuras named Rahu, disguised himself as a God and drank a few drops of
the Amrita. He was spotted by the Sun and the Moon who immediately alerted
Vishnu. The Supreme God immediately decided to cut off Rahu’s head, however the
demon had already swallowed a small quantity of the Elixir. Only his head
remained alive and ever since he swore to take revenge on the Sun and Moon. He
would try to swallow both of them whenever they would come close to him but as
he would have no body, the Sun and the Moon would then reappear from the bottom
of his head. This is, according to Hindu mythology, the cause of lunar and
solar eclipses.
When
you visit Wats, that is Buddhist Temples in Thailand, there is a good chance
you’ve had white cotton bracelets tied around your wrists at some time. This
cotton thread has been blessed in advance by a Buddhist Monk and is known as ‘Sai
Sin’. The Sai Sin is supposed to provide protection and good health to the
person wearing it. The colour of the thread is usually white because it
represents purity in Buddhism although other colours including red may be used
depending on the region you are in and the circumstances. But the sacred white
thread isn’t just worn on the wrist. If you visit a Thai temple on important
Buddhist holidays, you may see grid-lines of white string attached to the main
Buddha images.
Sai
Sin is present in a range of ceremonies in Thailand including weddings and
funerals as well and as blessing ceremonies when people move into a new home.
At traditional weddings in Thailand, the thread connects around the heads of the
couple being married. Friends and family will also tie Sai Sin bracelets around
the wrists of the newlyweds. At some Thai funerals, the white thread may be
circled three times around the crematorium to wish the deceased good luck and
protection in the next life.
At
larger ceremonies there is often one big ball of string which is first tied
around a Buddha image before being passed along to the Monks in attendance.
From there, the thread is passed along to everybody else in attendance. With
each individual holding their hands in a Wai (Namaste), the thread is looped
around each person. The thread may be strung around a person’s fingers or it
can be looped around their head. The important thing is that the thread links
everybody to the Monks and the Buddha image. The chanting of the Monks and the
associated merit is then symbolically passed along the thread reaching all of
the people in the congregation.
The
Sai Sin thread carries merit and protection. When the thread forms a circle the
protective power is believed to be stronger because the circle is continuous.
Three
is a significant number in Buddhism because it represents the Triple Gems or
the Three Jewels of Buddhism: Buddha, Dharma (the teachings of Buddha) and
Sangha (the Monkhood). When Thai Buddhists enter a Temple they will often kneel
in front of the main Buddha image and bow three times whilst placing their
palms on the floor before bringing their hands together to form a respectful Wai.
The significance of three in Buddhism means that if Sai Sin is tied around your
wrists, you should ideally keep it on for at least three days.
You
don’t have to be Buddhist to accept Sai Sin, so think of it as a good luck
charm if somebody ties the cotton bracelet to your wrist. Never refuse Sai Sin
if it is offered. To do so would be disrespectful to the person offering. If
somebody thinks enough of you to want to tie Sai Sin around your wrists, it is
an act of hospitality and should be accepted with grace.
Sai
Sin may be attached to your wrists by Monks or by ordinary people depending on
the circumstances. If you are at a Temple and a Monk ties Sai Sin around your
wrist, you should make a small donation (at least 20 Baht) to one of the
donation boxes you will see on display. Women aren’t allowed to touch Monks and
if you watch a Monk attaching Sai Sin to a woman’s wrist you will notice how
careful he is not to make contact with the lady.
If
somebody does attach a Sai Sin bracelet to your wrists, don’t think that you
have to keep it there for months on end or until it falls off. If you can keep
it on for at least three days, that is ideal and means you have benefited from
the merit bestowed on you. Old traditions also say that you should gently untie
the thread when removing it rather than cutting it.
I
hope the attached photographs will give you a very clear picture of the above
explanation and about the importance of Sai Sin.